How a European bank built its PSD2 strong authentication on its own identity foundation
A bank that sets out to add strong customer authentication usually expects the hard part to be the authentication itself: which factors to combine, which app to roll out, how to clear the regulator’s bar. The harder question often sits one step earlier. Where do …
The Illusion of Digital Sovereignty: Why Europe Must Reclaim Control of its Identities
I. The Brutal Awakening Throughout 2025 and into the turbulent opening months of 2026, escalating geopolitical tensions have shattered the illusion of cloud services as “neutral utilities.” The European Commission’s 2025 State of the Digital Decade report, confirmed what industry experts had been warning: Europe …
